Water security among Egypt ,Ethiopia and Sudan- subject is Essay

Water security among Egypt ,Ethiopia and Sudan- subject is international relation - Essay Example 98). The river originates from mainly two countries. The White Nile from Burundi joins the Blue Nile from Ethiopia to form the Nile Basin. The Nile Basin is the major source of water for this region supplying ten countries with water. Egypt is the traditional user of the water and has almost exclusive rights for extracting water from the River Nile. Though a non-contributing country, Egypt benefits from a bilateral 1959 agreement that gives it the largest allocation in the utilization of River Nile’s Water. Sudan, another noncontributing country, gets the second largest share of the river’s resources. Other nations especially, the contributing ones have, for a long time, suffered water scarcity due to the unequal distribution of this water. This has created animosity between neighboring countries and was a source of conflict amongst the countries in this region. Countries upstream have, in recent time, considered controlling the use of the water (Adar, 2011, pp. 73). Some have, for example, built large dams and canals to confine their waters. This issue has been a major concern which the UN lists as one o f the most urgent political issues. Watershed countries in the Nile Basin have realized that a shift from the current state must be fueled by a more equitable sharing of the Nile water. This urge to exploit more water has been occasioned by the desire to achieve economic development. Ethiopia, for example, has initiated hydroelectric power projects along the river’s flow. Despite these efforts, however, economic development has not been achieved in many countries. Most of the countries in the region have long unresolved disputes that hinder the economic prosperity of the people (Jacobs, 2012, pp. 37). Civil wars, famines, strife, and internal and regional discord have been the order of the day in these countries. The disparities in the colonial agreement

Organizational Structure Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Organizational Structure Paper - Essay Example Starbucks’s reorganization of its structure has come in the trail of its rapid growth. With rapid growth, the firm has encountered more challenges in satisfying its customers and this has increased the concern on how the firm will operate in the future. To deal with these new challenges, the firm, under the leadership of Howard Schultz, has deiced to take a matrix structure. A matrix organizational structure is considered to be the best organizational structure since it helps the organization to better utilize its resources (Galbraith, 2008). In a matrix organizational structure such as found in Starbucks, all resources, especially human resources, are not fixed on one function but are loosely attached so that they can be deployed to be used in any part of the organization when they are needed there (Simms, 2008). Starbucks has employed this structure, to go align with its new needs for human resources. The matrix structure in Starbucks is implemented over the functional structure which forms the chassis of Starbucks’ structure. The Starbucks is in contrast to that of its competitor, MacDonald’s (Torresjan, 2014). MacDonald’s is a fast food restaurant that sells fast food as well as coffee and is also based in the US (Jargon, 2013). The firm uses a hierarchal structure headed at the top by a chief executive officer who oversees the firms (Torresjan, 2014). According to (Macdonlads.com, 2014) the CEO Don Thompson and oversees all of MacDonalds business across the world. However, although the MacDonald’s organizational structure is different from that is Starbucks by taking up a hierarchical structure, it is also similar to the one for Starbucks in that it also takes a functional structure where various functions at certain levels are given to the different people (The Associated Press, 2011). However, the main difference is the